To the second declension belongs masculine nouns which ends with -is in singular nominative and nouns akmens (stone), asmens (blade), zibens (lightning), ûdens (water), mçness (moon), rudens (autumn), suns (dog), sâls (salt) .
For nouns of second declension the consonants preceding case ending is to be palatalised in singular genitive (only for nouns which ends with -is) and all plural word forms.
Consonant(s) before ending | Palatalised to |
b | bj |
c | è |
d | þ |
l | ï |
m | mj |
n | ò |
p | pj |
s | ð |
t | ð |
v | vj |
z | þ |
sn | ðò |
zn | þò |
sl | ðï |
zl | þï |
ln | ïò |
ll | ïï |
The consonant is not palatalised for
- proper names which ends with -ckis, -skis;
- proper noun with two syllables which ends with -tis, -dis;
- some special cases.
The case endings for second declension nouns are given in following table ( diminutives has no ending in singular vocative ):
Nom. | Gen. | Dat. | Acc. | Loc. | Voc. | |
sing. | -is, | -a | -im | -i | -î | -i |
sing. | -s | -s | -im | -i | -î | -s |
plur. | -i | -u | -iem | -us | -os | -i |
Nominative | lâc-is | lâè-i |
Genitive | lâè-a | lâè-u |
Dative | lâc-im | lâè-iem |
Accusative | lâc-i | lâè-us |
Locative | lâc-î | lâè-os |
Vocative | lâc-i | lâè-i |
Nominative | akmen-s | akmeò-i |
Genitive | akmen-s | akmeò-u |
Dative | akmen-im | akmeò-iem |
Accusative | akmen-i | akmeò-us |
Locative | akmen-î | akmeò-os |
Vocative | akmen-s | akmeò-i |